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Towards a European knowledge area juuni 14, 2007

Posted by Mikk Putk in All Posts in English, Innovation, Intellectual Property.
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“Knowledge is a key component of competitiveness” said European Science and Research Commissioner Janez Potočnik.

    What’s going on in Europe?

“The European Commission recently presented the updated European figures on research and innovation in the publication “Key Figures 2007 on Science, Technology and Innovation”. The results of the survey show that European productivity and R&D expenditures lagged in comparison with the major competitors (USA, Japan, China),“ reports IPR-Helpdesk.

    The report shows that EU R&D intensity has stagnated since the mid-nineties. Europe lags behind the US in all scientific disciplines in terms of citation impact scores and highly-cited publications. The linkage between technology (patented inventions) and the science base is much weaker in the EU than in the US.

Highlights of the Key Figures include discussion of the following topics:
· The diminishing weight of Europe in the multi-polar world of science and technology, and its implications for research strategies
· Transition towards knowledge-intensive economies: the need to intensify the pace of Lisbon-driven reforms
· The nature and dynamics of the EU’s industrial structure is the reason for the R&D investment deficit with the US
· The important role of the public sector
· Less opportunities for high-tech venture capital
· Research excellence: the EU remains second behind the US, but excels in traditional domains
· Scientific output is more dispersed across scientific disciplines in the EU than in the US
· Knowledge flows from science to technology are weaker in the EU
· Weaker high-tech performance in the EU
http://ec.europa.eu/invest-in-research/monitoring/statistical01_en.htm

The European Commission report “Key Figures 2007” presents data and statistics on science, technology and innovation and points out following aspects.

Part I Europe’s place in the changing world of Science and Technology

    I.1 Overall investment in Research and Development
    I.2 R&D in the business sector

Europe is losing its attractiveness for international R&D investments

    I.3. Human Resources for Science and Technology: towards new mobility patterns?

The US’s success at importing foreign talent has significantly weakened since 2001, which, together with trends in retirement and degree production, may point to a slowdown in the growth of the US’s S&E workforce At the same time, Asia is to an increasing extent retaining its own stock of human resources for S&T

    I.4. Research excellence

The EU lags behind the US in terms of the citation impact of its scientific output, but compared to the world, the EU excels in the traditional disciplines.
The US dominates rankings of world’s biggest research universities

    I.5. Knowledge flows from Science to Technology

Private companies account for a large share of scientific publications highly cited in patents. But the contribution of European private companies to the production of scientific publications highly cited in patents is significantly lower than the contribution of private companies located in the US.

    I.6. From Science to Industry: the case of nanotechnology

Public support for European nanotech R&D is large and competitive at world level

    I.7. S&T performance and competitiveness

Europe lags behind the US and Japan in terms of patent intensity. The US patents more than Europe in high-tech areas. Europe’s share of trade in high-tech products is stable, while China’s market share has grown significantly China is now the top exporter of computers, and second to the US in electronics and telecoms

Part II: The EU and the European Research Area

    II-1 Expenditure on R&D
    II-1-1 Overall investment in R&D and its financing

Member States’ targets for increased R&D investment are often very ambitious

    II-1-2 R&D in the business enterprise sector
    II-1-3 Trends in the financing of business R&D

Business R&D remains largely funded by the private sector

    II-1-4 Venture Capital investment for private R&D

Recourse to Venture Capital varies widely across Europe

    II-1-5 Foreign R&D investment in the private sector
    II-1-6 Public sector R&D and its relationship with the business sector

Public-sector R&D is largely university-oriented in the EU.

    II-2 Human resources in Science and Technology
    II-3 Scientific Output
    II-4 Technological output

Large differences in patenting intensity across Member States
Slovenia, with 50 patent applications per million inhabitants, is the most active patenting country among the new Member States.

    II-5 The impacts of S&T performance on competitiveness

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